Wave intensity refers to the amount of energy that passes through a unit area per unit time.

The intensity of a wave is directly proportional to the square of its amplitude. This relationship indicates that as the amplitude of a wave increases, its intensity also increases. Mathematically, this relationship can be represented by the equation:

where $I$ denotes the intensity and $A$ represents the amplitude.

In addition to amplitude, wave intensity can be influenced by several other factors, including the distance from the wave source and the medium through which the wave propagates. As a wave travels further away from its source, its intensity diminishes due to the dispersion of the wavefronts. Furthermore, the characteristics of the medium can also affect wave intensity; for instance, waves traveling through denser materials typically exhibit higher intensities.

Understanding wave intensity is essential in various fields of physics, such as optics, acoustics, and electromagnetism. Grasping the relationship between wave intensity and amplitude is crucial for comprehending how waves behave and interact with their environments.