A static data structure is characterized by a fixed size and structure, in contrast to a dynamic data structure, which can adjust in size and structure during program execution.

A static data structure is a type of data structure whose size and layout are determined at the time of its creation. Once established, the size and structure cannot be modified. A common example of a static data structure is an array. Arrays are defined with a specific size when they are created, and this size remains constant throughout the array’s lifetime. This property can be advantageous in scenarios where the data size is known beforehand and is unlikely to change. However, it can also lead to inefficiencies if the array is not fully utilized, as the unused space continues to consume memory resources.

Conversely, a dynamic data structure is one that can alter its size and structure as the program runs. This flexibility allows for the addition or removal of elements as needed. Examples of dynamic data structures include linked lists, trees, and graphs. These structures offer greater adaptability compared to static data structures, aligning with changing data requirements. Nonetheless, they can be more complex to implement and manage, as they require additional operations to handle the addition and removal of elements.

The decision to use a static or dynamic data structure often hinges on the specific requirements of the program. If the size and structure of the data are predetermined and remain constant, a static data structure may be the more efficient choice. On the other hand, if the data is likely to change, a dynamic data structure may be more appropriate. It is also important to note that dynamic data structures generally require more memory and processing power compared to their static counterparts, which should be considered when making a selection.

In summary, both static and dynamic data structures possess distinct advantages and disadvantages. The choice between them will ultimately depend on the specific needs of the program.