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How do you use the cosine rule to find a missing angle?

To determine a missing angle using the cosine rule, you need to rearrange the formula to isolate the angle.

The cosine rule is expressed as:

c2=a2+b22abcos(C)c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos(C)

In this equation, aa, bb, and cc represent the lengths of the sides of a triangle, while CC is the angle opposite side cc. To find the angle CC, we will rearrange the formula to solve for cos(C)\cos(C).

First, isolate cos(C)\cos(C) by rearranging the equation:

cos(C)=a2+b2c22ab\cos(C) = \frac{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}{2ab}

Next, substitute the known values of the sides aa, bb, and cc into this equation. For instance, if you have the lengths of all three sides of the triangle, you would plug these values into the formula like this:

cos(C)=a2+b2c22ab\cos(C) = \frac{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}{2ab}

After calculating the value of cos(C)\cos(C), use the inverse cosine function, often denoted as cos1\cos^{-1} or arccos, on your calculator to find the angle CC:

C=cos1(a2+b2c22ab)C = \cos^{-1}\left(\frac{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}{2ab}\right)

Ensure that your calculator is set to the appropriate mode (either degrees or radians) based on the context of your problem. This method provides an accurate way to determine the measure of the missing angle.

Answered by: Dr. Angela Davis
GCSE Maths Tutor
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