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How do you find the composite function $(g \circ f)(x)$?

To find the composite function (gf)(x)(g \circ f)(x), you need to substitute f(x)f(x) into g(x)g(x).

In simple terms, a composite function is formed when one function is applied to the result of another function. The notation (gf)(x)(g \circ f)(x) indicates that you first evaluate the function ff at xx, and then apply the function gg to the outcome of f(x)f(x).

Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to compute a composite function:

  1. Identify the Functions: Let’s say you have two functions, f(x)f(x) and g(x)g(x). For instance, let f(x)=2x+3f(x) = 2x + 3 and g(x)=x2g(x) = x^2.

  2. Substitute f(x)f(x) into g(x)g(x): In this step, you replace the variable xx in g(x)g(x) with the entire expression from f(x)f(x). For our example, this means substituting f(x)=2x+3f(x) = 2x + 3 into g(x)=x2g(x) = x^2. Therefore, we have:

    g(f(x))=g(2x+3)=(2x+3)2.g(f(x)) = g(2x + 3) = (2x + 3)^2.
  3. Simplify if Necessary: You may need to simplify the resulting expression. Continuing with our example, we can expand (2x+3)2(2x + 3)^2:

    (2x+3)2=4x2+12x+9.(2x + 3)^2 = 4x^2 + 12x + 9.

Thus, the composite function (gf)(x)(g \circ f)(x) for our example is

4x2+12x+9.4x^2 + 12x + 9.

This procedure can be applied to any pair of functions to find their composite. Keep in mind that the order of composition is important: generally, (gf)(x)(g \circ f)(x) is not the same as (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x).

Answered by: Prof. Michael Lewis
IB Physics Tutor
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