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How do you find the angle at the centre of a circle?

To determine the angle at the center of a circle, you can use the following formula:

angle=(arc lengthcircumference)×360.\text{angle} = \left( \frac{\text{arc length}}{\text{circumference}} \right) \times 360^\circ.

The angle at the center of a circle is defined as the angle formed by two radii that extend from the center to the circumference. To calculate this angle, you must know two key measurements: the arc length (the distance along the curved portion of the circle) and the circumference (the total distance around the circle).

To find the angle, follow these steps:

  1. Measure the Arc Length: This is the length of the curved edge of the circle between the two radii.
  2. Calculate the Circumference: Use the formula: circumference=2πr,\text{circumference} = 2\pi r, where rr is the radius of the circle.
  3. Calculate the Fraction: Divide the arc length by the circumference to determine the fraction of the circle that the arc represents: fraction=arc lengthcircumference.\text{fraction} = \frac{\text{arc length}}{\text{circumference}}.
  4. Convert to Angle: Multiply this fraction by 360360^\circ to obtain the central angle.

For example, if the arc length is 5cm5 \, \text{cm} and the circumference is 20cm20 \, \text{cm}, the fraction of the circle is:

520=14.\frac{5}{20} = \frac{1}{4}.

Multiplying this fraction by 360360^\circ yields a central angle of:

14×360=90.\frac{1}{4} \times 360^\circ = 90^\circ.

This method allows you to accurately determine the central angle using the arc length and the total circumference of the circle.

Answered by: Prof. David Martin
A-Level Physics Tutor
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